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en:Carolina Reaper 20:44, 21 November 2016 UTCから翻訳準備
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{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2016}}
{{Infobox cultivar
| name = Carolina Reaper
| image = Carolina Reaper pepper pods.jpg
| breeder = "Smokin" Ed Currie
| origin = [[Fort Mill, South Carolina]]
| species = ''[[Capsicum chinense]]''
| hybrid = [[Bhut jolokia|Ghost Pepper]] × red [[habanero]]
| module = {{Infobox pepper
| embed = yes
| heat = Hottest
| scoville = 1.6 million (official record)
}}
}}

The '''Carolina Reaper''', originally named the '''HP22B''',<ref>{{cite web |url= http://puckerbuttpeppercompany.com/about-us/ |title= About Us |publisher= PuckerButt Pepper Co |quote= Smokin’ Ed gained the pepper industry’s attention in November 2011 when an NPR Reporter stopped by to eat an HP22B pepper–now known as Smokin’ Ed’s Carolina Reaper®.}}</ref> is a [[cultivar]] of [[chili pepper]] of the ''[[Capsicum chinense]]'' species. It is red and has a gnarled, lumpy pod with a tail like a scythe.<ref>{{Cite web |title=So God Made the World's Hottest Pepper | work = The Atlantic | date = Sep 2013 |url= http://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2013/09/so-god-made-the-worlds-hottest-pepper/279749/ |first= Nicholas |last= Hunt}}</ref> As of 2013, Guinness has dubbed it the hottest chilli in the world, surpassing the previous record holder, the [[Trinidad Scorpion Butch T pepper |Trinidad Scorpion "Butch T"]].<ref>{{Cite web | publisher = Guinness world records |url= http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/news/2013/11/confirmed-smokin-eds-carolina-reaper-sets-new-record-for-hottest-chilli-53033 |title=Confirmed: Smokin Ed's Carolina Reaper sets new record for hottest chilli|date=2013-11-19 |access-date= 2016-09-14}}</ref>

==Origin and use==
Bred in a [[Rock Hill, South Carolina]] greenhouse by "Smokin" Ed Currie, proprietor of the PuckerButt Pepper Company in [[Fort Mill, South Carolina|Fort Mill]], the Carolina Reaper has been certified as the world's hottest chili pepper by [[Guinness World Records]] since August 7, 2013.<ref name= "gwr">{{cite web|title= Hottest chili|url=http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/hottest-chili |website= Guinness World Records|accessdate= July 11, 2014}}</ref><ref name = "latimes">{{cite news | url= http://www.latimes.com/food/dailydish/la-dd-worlds-hottest-pepper-scoville-heat-units-20131226-story.html | work= [[Los Angeles Times]] | first=Betty | last=Hallock | title= World's hottest pepper hits 2.2 million Scoville heat units | date= December 26, 2013}}</ref> The original crossbreed was between a [[Bhut jolokia|Ghost pepper]] (a former world record holder) and a red [[habanero]] and is named 'Reaper' due to the shape of its tail.<ref name=prilava>{{cite web |url= http://www.pri.org/stories/2016-08-18/eating-carolina-reaper-pepper-eating-molten-lava |title=Eating the 'Carolina Reaper' pepper is 'like eating molten lava' |website= pri |first= Chau |last= Tu}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.superhotchiles.com/carolinareapergallery.html |title= Carolina Reaper|website= Super hot chiles | first =Jim (Habanero) | last = Duffy|quote=Ed created this chile plant variety by crossing a Ghost pepper (Bhut Jolokia) with a Red Habanero type from St Vincents Island in the West Indies.}}</ref> The official Guinness World Record heat level is 1,569,300 [[Scoville scale|Scoville Heat Units]] (SHU), according to tests conducted by [[Winthrop University]] in South Carolina. The figure is an average for the tested batch; the hottest individual pepper was measured at 2.2 million SHU.<ref name= "gwr" /><ref name= "latimes" /><ref name="AP">{{cite news|url=http://bigstory.ap.org/article/worlds-hottest-pepper-grown-south-carolina |work=[[Associated Press]] |first=Jeffrey |last=Collins |title=World's hottest pepper is grown in South Carolina |date=December 26, 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150701135227/http://bigstory.ap.org/article/worlds-hottest-pepper-grown-south-carolina |archivedate=July 1, 2015 |df=mdy }}</ref>

At the second Annual New York City Hot Sauce Expo on March 30, 2014,<ref>{{cite web|title=Guinness World Record Pepper Eating Attempt To Take Place At 2nd Annual New York City Hot Sauce Expo|url= http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/guinness-world-record-pepper-eating-attempt-to-take-place-at-2nd-annual-new-york-city-hot-sauce-expo-252434691.html |website= PR Newswire |accessdate= August 19, 2015}}</ref> Guinness World Records presented Ed Currie with his world record. There, an eating competition occurred and Russel Todd won the contest, consuming three Carolina Reapers in 12.23 seconds, a new Guinness record.<ref>{{cite web|last =Gross |first =Matt|title=What's It Like to Eat the World's Hottest Chile Pepper? |url= http://www.bonappetit.com/entertaining-style/trends-news/article/eat-worlds-hottest-chiles |website=Bon Appetit|date=March 31, 2014|accessdate=August 19, 2015}}</ref> This record was beaten in September 2014 by Jason McNabb, who finished three peppers in 10.95 seconds.<ref>{{cite web |title= Fastest time to eat three Carolina Reaper chilis|url= http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/fastest-time-to-eat-3-carolina-reaper-chilis |website=Guinness World Records |accessdate=August 19, 2015}}</ref>

The pepper has been described as "a good all-rounder to try at home" by UK ethnobotanist [[James Wong (ethnobotanist)|James Wong]] who said that they require temperatures of at least 18-20C and suggested growing in 30-40cm pots to restrict growth and produce fruit sooner.<ref>{{cite web | last = Wong | first = James |authorlink= James Wong (ethnobotanist) |url= http://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2016/feb/28/gardens-hottest-chilli-carolina-reaper-james-wong?CMP=share_btn_tw |title= Gardens: the hottest chilli ever grown |work=[[The Guardian]] |date= February 28, 2016 |accessdate=February 26, 2016}}</ref> It has been described as having a fruity taste, with the initial bite being sweet and then immediately turning to "molten lava".<ref name=prilava /><ref>{{cite web |first=Rebecca |last=Smithers |url=https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2016/jul/19/worlds-strongest-chilli-carolina-reaper-on-sale-uk-high-street |website= The Guardian |title=UK shoppers to feel the heat as world's strongest chilli hits the high street}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.worldshottestchiles.com/carolina-reaper-hp22b/|title=Carolina Reaper - HP22B - World's Hottest Chiles|language=en-US|access-date=2016-09-26}}</ref> When fully ripe, it is typically about the size of a ping-pong ball.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.worldshottestchiles.com/carolina-reaper-hp22b/|title=Carolina Reaper - HP22B - World's Hottest Chiles|language=en-US|access-date=2016-09-26}}</ref>

In 2013, Doug Lyon, the founder of tortilla chip company Paqui, met Currie at an event hosted by the PuckerButt Pepper Company in South Carolina. It was here that Lyon discovered the Carolina Reaper and decided to use it in a tortilla chip. In January 2015, after six months of development on the right combination of seasoning, production began on the tortilla chip. 850,000 peppers were used to season 50,000 Carolina Reaper Madness chips. The chips are sold individually in a coffin shaped box for $4.99.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.forbes.com/sites/eustaciahuen/2016/09/28/worlds-spiciest-tortilla-chip-so-hot-its-sold-one-per-package/#5682af1c4d09|title=Meet the World's Spiciest Tortilla Chip (So Hot, It's Sold One Per Package)|last=Huen|first=Eustacia|newspaper=Forbes|access-date=2016-10-13}}</ref> The company has promoted a challenge for people to try the chip and post their reactions on social media for a chance to win a year supply of chips and a [[GoPro]] Hero4 camera.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.aol.com/article/lifestyle/2016/09/21/the-hottest-chip-in-the-world-is-making-headlines-for-its-unique/21476726/|title=Challenge with the hottest chip in the world is exploding on social media|last=Staff|first=AOL|newspaper=AOL.com|access-date=2016-10-13}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://paqui.com/reaper/|title=CAN YOU HANDLE THE HEAT?|newspaper=Paqui Tortilla Chips|language=en-US|access-date=2016-10-13}}</ref>

Wayne Algenio<ref>{{Cite web|url= http://abcnews.go.com/Lifestyle/man-smashes-guinness-world-record-reaper-peppers-eaten/story?id=38676269 |title= Man Smashes Guinness World Record for Most Reaper Peppers Eaten in 60 Seconds |date=April 26, 2016|website=ABC News |access-date= April 27, 2016}}</ref> of Jamaica, Queens, broke the world record at the Puckerbutt Pepper Company's Smokin' Ed's Reaper Eating Challenge at the NYC Hot Sauce Expo in Brooklyn on April 24, 2016 by eating 22 Carolina Reapers in 60 seconds.

<gallery>
File:Carolina Reaper 30 days old.JPG|thumb|30 day-old Carolina Reaper plant
File:Mature Carolina Reaper.jpg|Mature plant
</gallery>

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Carolina Reaper}}
* [http://www.cbsnews.com/news/worlds-hottest-pepper-is-grown-in-south-carolina/ "World's hottest pepper is grown in South Carolina"] ''CBS news.''
* {{Citation | date = 2013-12-26 | url = http://www.latimes.com/food/dailydish/la-dd-worlds-hottest-pepper-scoville-heat-units-20131226-story.html | title = World's hottest pepper hits 2.2 million Scoville heat units | newspaper = The LA times}}.

{{Capsicum Cultivars}}

[[Category:Chili peppers]]
[[Category:Crops originating from the United States]]
[[Category:Capsicum cultivars]]

2016年11月29日 (火) 06:13時点における版

Carolina Reaper
種 Capsicum chinense
交配 Ghost Pepper × red habanero
種畜 "Smokin" Ed Currie
開発 Fort Mill, South Carolina
辛さ 最も辛い
スコヴィル値 1.6 million (official record) SHU
テンプレートを表示
テンプレートを表示

The Carolina Reaper, originally named the HP22B,[1] is a cultivar of chili pepper of the Capsicum chinense species. It is red and has a gnarled, lumpy pod with a tail like a scythe.[2] As of 2013, Guinness has dubbed it the hottest chilli in the world, surpassing the previous record holder, the Trinidad Scorpion "Butch T".[3]

Origin and use

Bred in a Rock Hill, South Carolina greenhouse by "Smokin" Ed Currie, proprietor of the PuckerButt Pepper Company in Fort Mill, the Carolina Reaper has been certified as the world's hottest chili pepper by Guinness World Records since August 7, 2013.[4][5] The original crossbreed was between a Ghost pepper (a former world record holder) and a red habanero and is named 'Reaper' due to the shape of its tail.[6][7] The official Guinness World Record heat level is 1,569,300 Scoville Heat Units (SHU), according to tests conducted by Winthrop University in South Carolina. The figure is an average for the tested batch; the hottest individual pepper was measured at 2.2 million SHU.[4][5][8]

At the second Annual New York City Hot Sauce Expo on March 30, 2014,[9] Guinness World Records presented Ed Currie with his world record. There, an eating competition occurred and Russel Todd won the contest, consuming three Carolina Reapers in 12.23 seconds, a new Guinness record.[10] This record was beaten in September 2014 by Jason McNabb, who finished three peppers in 10.95 seconds.[11]

The pepper has been described as "a good all-rounder to try at home" by UK ethnobotanist James Wong who said that they require temperatures of at least 18-20C and suggested growing in 30-40cm pots to restrict growth and produce fruit sooner.[12] It has been described as having a fruity taste, with the initial bite being sweet and then immediately turning to "molten lava".[6][13][14] When fully ripe, it is typically about the size of a ping-pong ball.[15]

In 2013, Doug Lyon, the founder of tortilla chip company Paqui, met Currie at an event hosted by the PuckerButt Pepper Company in South Carolina. It was here that Lyon discovered the Carolina Reaper and decided to use it in a tortilla chip. In January 2015, after six months of development on the right combination of seasoning, production began on the tortilla chip. 850,000 peppers were used to season 50,000 Carolina Reaper Madness chips. The chips are sold individually in a coffin shaped box for $4.99.[16] The company has promoted a challenge for people to try the chip and post their reactions on social media for a chance to win a year supply of chips and a GoPro Hero4 camera.[17][18]

Wayne Algenio[19] of Jamaica, Queens, broke the world record at the Puckerbutt Pepper Company's Smokin' Ed's Reaper Eating Challenge at the NYC Hot Sauce Expo in Brooklyn on April 24, 2016 by eating 22 Carolina Reapers in 60 seconds.

  • 30 day-old Carolina Reaper plant
    30 day-old Carolina Reaper plant
  • Mature plant
    Mature plant

References

  1. ^ “About Us”. PuckerButt Pepper Co. Template:Cite webの呼び出しエラー：引数 accessdate は必須です。 “Smokin’ Ed gained the pepper industry’s attention in November 2011 when an NPR Reporter stopped by to eat an HP22B pepper–now known as Smokin’ Ed’s Carolina Reaper®.”
  2. ^ Hunt, Nicholas (Sep 2013). “So God Made the World's Hottest Pepper”. The Atlantic. Template:Cite webの呼び出しエラー：引数 accessdate は必須です。
  3. ^ “Confirmed: Smokin Ed's Carolina Reaper sets new record for hottest chilli”. Guinness world records (2013年11月19日). 2016年9月14日閲覧。
  4. ^ a b “Hottest chili”. Guinness World Records. July 11, 2014閲覧。
  5. ^ a b Hallock, Betty (December 26, 2013). “World's hottest pepper hits 2.2 million Scoville heat units”. Los Angeles Times. http://www.latimes.com/food/dailydish/la-dd-worlds-hottest-pepper-scoville-heat-units-20131226-story.html 
  6. ^ a b Tu, Chau. “Eating the 'Carolina Reaper' pepper is 'like eating molten lava'”. pri. Template:Cite webの呼び出しエラー：引数 accessdate は必須です。
  7. ^ Duffy, Jim (Habanero). “Carolina Reaper”. Super hot chiles. Template:Cite webの呼び出しエラー：引数 accessdate は必須です。 “Ed created this chile plant variety by crossing a Ghost pepper (Bhut Jolokia) with a Red Habanero type from St Vincents Island in the West Indies.”
  8. ^ Collins, Jeffrey (December 26, 2013). “World's hottest pepper is grown in South Carolina”. Associated Press. オリジナルのJuly 1, 2015時点におけるアーカイブ。. https://web.archive.org/web/20150701135227/http://bigstory.ap.org/article/worlds-hottest-pepper-grown-south-carolina 
  9. ^ “Guinness World Record Pepper Eating Attempt To Take Place At 2nd Annual New York City Hot Sauce Expo”. PR Newswire. August 19, 2015閲覧。
  10. ^ Gross, Matt (March 31, 2014). “What's It Like to Eat the World's Hottest Chile Pepper?”. Bon Appetit. August 19, 2015閲覧。
  11. ^ “Fastest time to eat three Carolina Reaper chilis”. Guinness World Records. August 19, 2015閲覧。
  12. ^ Wong, James (February 28, 2016). “Gardens: the hottest chilli ever grown”. The Guardian. February 26, 2016閲覧。
  13. ^ Smithers, Rebecca. “UK shoppers to feel the heat as world's strongest chilli hits the high street”. The Guardian. Template:Cite webの呼び出しエラー：引数 accessdate は必須です。
  14. ^ “Carolina Reaper - HP22B - World's Hottest Chiles” (英語). 2016年9月26日閲覧。
  15. ^ “Carolina Reaper - HP22B - World's Hottest Chiles” (英語). 2016年9月26日閲覧。
  16. ^ Huen, Eustacia. “Meet the World's Spiciest Tortilla Chip (So Hot, It's Sold One Per Package)”. Forbes. http://www.forbes.com/sites/eustaciahuen/2016/09/28/worlds-spiciest-tortilla-chip-so-hot-its-sold-one-per-package/#5682af1c4d09 2016年10月13日閲覧。 
  17. ^ Staff, AOL. “Challenge with the hottest chip in the world is exploding on social media”. AOL.com. http://www.aol.com/article/lifestyle/2016/09/21/the-hottest-chip-in-the-world-is-making-headlines-for-its-unique/21476726/ 2016年10月13日閲覧。 
  18. ^ “CAN YOU HANDLE THE HEAT?” (英語). Paqui Tortilla Chips. http://paqui.com/reaper/ 2016年10月13日閲覧。 
  19. ^ “Man Smashes Guinness World Record for Most Reaper Peppers Eaten in 60 Seconds”. ABC News (April 26, 2016). April 27, 2016閲覧。
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