ファイル:IDCS J1426.5+3508 galaxy cluster Hubble hs-2012-19-b-large web.jpg
元のファイル (1,000 × 704 ピクセル、ファイルサイズ: 96キロバイト、MIME タイプ: image/jpeg)
ウィキメディア・コモンズのファイルページにある説明を、以下に表示します。
|
概要
解説IDCS J1426.5+3508 galaxy cluster Hubble hs-2012-19-b-large web.jpg |
English: Astronomers using NASA's Hubble Space Telescope have found a puzzling arc of light behind an extremely massive cluster of galaxies residing 10 billion light-years away. The galactic grouping, discovered by NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope, was observed when the universe was roughly a quarter of its current age of 13.7 billion years. The giant arc is the stretched shape of a more distant galaxy whose light is distorted by the monster cluster's powerful gravity, an effect called gravitational lensing.
The trouble is, the arc shouldn't exist. Galaxy clusters are collections of hundreds to thousands of galaxies bound together by gravity. They are the most massive structures in our universe. Astronomers frequently study galaxy clusters to look for faraway, magnified galaxies behind them that would otherwise be too dim to see with telescopes. Many such gravitationally lensed galaxies have been found behind galaxy clusters closer to Earth. The surprise in this Hubble observation is spotting a galaxy lensed by an extremely distant cluster. Dubbed IDCS J1426.5+3508, the cluster is the most massive found at that epoch, weighing as much as 500 trillion suns. It is 5 to 10 times larger than other clusters found at such an early time in the universe's history. The team spotted the cluster in a search using NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope in combination with archival optical images taken as part of the National Optical Astronomy Observatory's Deep Wide Field Survey at the Kitt Peak National Observatory, Tucson, Ariz. The combined images allowed them to see the cluster as a grouping of very red galaxies, indicating they are far away. This unique system constitutes the most distant cluster known to "host" a giant gravitationally lensed arc. Finding this ancient gravitational arc may yield insight into how, during the first moments after the big bang, conditions were set up for the growth of hefty clusters in the early universe. The arc was spotted in optical images of the cluster taken in 2010 by Hubble's Advanced Camera for Surveys. The infrared capabilities of Hubble's Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) helped provide a precise distance, confirming it to be one of the farthest clusters yet discovered. Once the astronomers determined the cluster's distance, they used Hubble, the Combined Array for Research in Millimeter-wave Astronomy (CARMA) radio telescope, and NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory to independently show that the galactic grouping is extremely massive. CARMA helped the astronomers determine the cluster's mass by measuring how primordial light from the big bang was affected as it passed through the extremely hot, tenuous gas that permeates the grouping. The astronomers then used the WFC3 observations to map the cluster's mass by calculating how much cluster mass was needed to produce the gravitational arc. Chandra data, which revealed the cluster's brightness in X-rays, was also used to measure the cluster's mass. An analysis of the arc revealed that the lensed object is a star-forming galaxy that existed 10 billion to 13 billion years ago. The team hopes to use Hubble again to obtain a more accurate distance to the lensed galaxy. Gonzalez has considered several possible explanations for the arc. One explanation is that distant galaxy clusters, unlike nearby clusters, have denser concentrations of galaxies at their cores, making them better magnifying glasses. However, even if the distant cores were denser, the added bulk still should not provide enough gravitational muscle to produce the giant arc seen in Gonzalez's observations, according to a statistical analysis. |
日付 | |
原典 | http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/2012/19/image/b/format/large_web/ |
作者 | NASA, ESA, and A. Gonzalez (University of Florida, Gainesville), A. Stanford (University of California, Davis and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory), and M. Brodwin (University of Missouri-Kansas City and Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics) |
ライセンス
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse |
このファイルはアメリカ航空宇宙局(NASA)によって作成されたものです。NASAの著作権の方針では、特記事項が無い場合、NASAの資料はパブリックドメインとなります。 (詳しくはTemplate:PD-USGov、NASAの著作権の方針について(英語)又はジェット推進研究所(JPL)の画像使用に関するガイドライン(英語)をご覧ください。) |
||
注意事項:
|
このファイルに描写されている項目
題材
7 2 2012
ファイルの履歴
過去の版のファイルを表示するには、その版の日時をクリックしてください。
日付と時刻 | サムネイル | 寸法 | 利用者 | コメント | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
現在の版 | 2016年1月8日 (金) 16:45 | 1,000 × 704 (96キロバイト) | Mylkomeda | User created page with UploadWizard |
ファイルの使用状況
以下のページがこのファイルを使用しています:
グローバルなファイル使用状況
以下に挙げる他のウィキがこの画像を使っています:
- ar.wikipedia.org での使用状況
- en-two.iwiki.icu での使用状況
- it.wikipedia.org での使用状況
- ro.wikipedia.org での使用状況
メタデータ
このファイルには、追加情報があります (おそらく、作成やデジタル化する際に使用したデジタルカメラやスキャナーが追加したものです)。
このファイルが元の状態から変更されている場合、修正されたファイルを完全に反映していない項目がある場合があります。
画像方向 | 通常 |
---|---|
水平方向の解像度 | 72dpi |
垂直方向の解像度 | 72dpi |
使用ソフトウェア名 | Adobe Photoshop CS5 Macintosh |
ファイル変更日時 | 2012-06-08T21:19:31-04:00 |
Exifバージョン | 2.2 |
色空間情報 | sRGB |
デジタルデータの作成日時 | 2012年2月7日 (火) 04:43 |
メタデータの最終更新日 | 2012年6月8日 (金) 17:19 |
元文書の一意なID | xmp.did:0380117407206811B840D829128B8A90 |