エガセラ科

エガセラ科
分類
学名
	Eggerthellaceae; Gupta et al. 2013; (IJSEMリストに記載 2013)
タイプ属
	エガセラ属; Eggerthella; Wade et al. 1999; (IJSEMリストに記載 1999)
下位分類（属)
	Adlercreutzia; Maruo et al. 2008; (IJSEMリストに記載 2008); アサッカロバクター属; Asaccharobacter; Minamida et al. 2008; (IJSEMリストに記載 2008); Berryella; Wylensek et al. 2021; (IJSEMリストに記載 2021); クリプトバクテリウム属; Cryptobacterium; Nakazawa et al. 1999; (IJSEMリストに記載 1999); デニトロバクテリム属; Denitrobacterium; Anderson et al. 2000; (IJSEMリストに記載 2000); エガセラ属; Eggerthella; Wade et al. 1999; (IJSEMリストに記載 1999; Ellagibacter; Beltrán et al. 2018; Enteroscipio; Danylec et al. 2018; ゴルドニバクター属; Gordonibacter; Würdemann et al. 2009; パラエガセラ属; Paraeggerthella; Würdemann et al. 2009; Raoultibacter; Traore et al. 2022; Rubneribacter; Danylec et al. 2018; セネガリマシリア属; Senegalimassilia; corrig. Lagier et al. 2014; スラッキア属; Slackia; Wade et al. 1999; Xiamenia; Zhang et al. 2022; 過去に分類されていた属; ※どちらもAdlercreutzia属のシノニムエンテロラブダス属; Enterorhabdus; Clavel et al. 2009; Parvibacter; Clavel et al. 2013; ;

エガセラ科（エガセラか、Eggerthellaceae）は、真正細菌の放線菌門コリオバクテリウム綱エガセラ目の科である。

2023年現在、エガセラ目に属する唯一の科である^[14]。

エガセラ科の英名"Eggerthellaceae"は、タイプ属のエガセラ属（Eggerthella）に、科を意味する接尾辞"-ceae"を組み合わせた造語である^[15]。

臨床学的特徴

エガセラ科の細菌のほとんどは好気性で非運動性（例外としてGordonibacter属とSenegalimassilia属には運動性示す菌種が存在する）且つ非糖分解性で非胞子形成性である^[15]。ヒトや動物の糞便から分離され、またヒトの結腸、膣、口腔、血液などからも見出される^[15]。いくつかの種は歯周または歯内感染症、クローン病、重度の菌血症の患者の検体からも分離されたことがある^[15]。

分子生物学的特徴

GC含量は43.4から66.3 mol%である^[15]。

ゲノム配列解析により、エガセラ科細菌にのみ存在する13種のconserved signature indels (CSIs)が特定されている。これらCSIを含むタンパク質にはcontaexcinuclease ABCサブユニットUvrC、DNAポリメラーゼIIIサブユニットα、リボヌクレアーゼIII、tRNA (N6-イソペンテニルアデノシン(37)-C2)-メチルチオトランスフェラーゼ(MiaB)、ペプチド鎖終結因子2、16S rRNA (シトシン(1402)-N(4))-メチルトランスフェラーゼ、伸長因子Tu、UDP-N-アセチルグルコサミン-1-カルボキシビニルトランスフェラーゼDNAポリメラーゼIIIサブユニットε、UDP-グルコース-4-エピメラーゼ及びDNA依存性RNAポリメラーゼサブユニットαである^[15]。特定されたCSIはエガセラ科の種とコリネバクテリウム目の他の種を区別するための信頼できる重要な手段を提供する。

系統樹

現在認められている分類体系はList of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN)に基づく。下記の系統樹は全ゲノム解析の結果に基づいている^[17]^{[注釈 1]}。右図により詳細な系統樹を示す。

エガセラ科(Eggerthellales)

スラッキア属 (Slackia)

	クリプトバクテリウム属 (Cryptobacterium)

	デニトロバクテリム属 (Denitrobacterium)

セネガリマシリア属 (Senegalimassilia)

	エガセラ属 (Eggerthella)

	ゴルドニバクター属 (Gordonibacter)

Adlercreutzia

外群

コリオバクテリウム科 (Coriobacteriales)

脚注

[脚注の使い方]

注釈

^ アサッカロバクター属(Asaccharobacter)、Ellagibacter属、Enteroscipio属、パラエガセラ属(Paraeggerthella)及びRubneribacter属はこの系統図に含まれていない。

出典

^ Radhey S. Gupta, Wan Jun Chen, Mobolaji Adeolu, Yujuan Chai (01 September 2013). “Molecular signatures for the class Coriobacteriia and its different clades; proposal for division of the class Coriobacteriia into the emended order Coriobacteriales , containing the emended family Coriobacteriaceae and Atopobiaceae fam. nov., and Eggerthellales ord. nov., containing the family Eggerthellaceae fam. nov.”. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 63 (Pt_9): 3379-3397. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.048371-0. PMID 23524353.
^ Aharon Oren, George M. Garrity (01 December 2013). “Notification that new names of prokaryotes and new combinations have appeared in volume 63, part 9, of the IJSEM”. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 63 (Pt_12): 4371-4373. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.058248-0.
^ ^a ^b William G. Wade, Julia Downes, David Dymock, Sarah J. Hiom, Andrew J. Weightman, Floyd E. Dewhirst, Bruce J. Paster, Nia Tzellas, Brittney Coleman (01 April 1999). “The family Coriobacteriaceae: reclassification of Eubacterium exiguum ( Poco etal. 1996 ) and Peptostreptococcus heliotrinreducens ( Lanigan 1976 ) as Slackia exigua gen. nov., comb. nov. and Slackia heliotrinireducens gen. nov., comb. nov., and Eubacterium lentum (Prevot 1938) as Eggerthella lenta gen. nov., comb. nov.”. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 49 (2): 595-600. doi:10.1099/00207713-49-2-595. PMID 10319481.
^ ^a ^b “Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 49, part 2, of the IJSB”. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 49 (3): 937-939. (01 July 1999). doi:10.1099/00207713-49-3-937.
^ Toshinari Maruo, Mitsuo Sakamoto, Chiaki Ito, Toshiya Toda, Yoshimi Benno (01 May 2008). “Adlercreutzia equolifaciens gen. nov., sp. nov., an equol-producing bacterium isolated from human faeces, and emended description of the genus Eggerthella”. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 58 (5): 1221-1227. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.65404-0. PMID 18450717.
^ ^a ^b “Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 58, part 5, of the IJSEM”. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 58 (8): 1783-1784. (01 August 2008). doi:10.1099/ijs.0.2008/005975-0.
^ Kimiko Minamida, Kyohei Ota, Megumi Nishimukai, Michiko Tanaka, Ayumi Abe, Teruo Sone, Fusao Tomita, Hiroshi Hara, Kozo Asano (01 May 2008). “Asaccharobacter celatus gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from rat caecum”. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 58 (5): 1238-1240. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.64894-0. PMID 18450720.
^ David Wylensek, Thomas C. A. Hitch, Thomas Riedel, Afrizal Afrizal, Neeraj Kumar, Esther Wortmann, Tianzhe Liu, Saravanan Devendran, Till R. Lesker, Sara B. Hernández, Viktoria Heine, Eva M. Buhl, Paul M. D’Agostino, Fabio Cumbo, Thomas Fischöder, Marzena Wyschkon, Torey Looft, Valeria R. Parreira, Birte Abt, Heidi L. Doden, Lindsey Ly, João M. P. Alves, Markus Reichlin, Krzysztof Flisikowski, Laura Navarro Suarez, Anthony P. Neumann, Garret Suen, Tomas de Wouters, Sascha Rohn, Ilias Lagkouvardos, Emma Allen-Vercoe, Cathrin Spröer, Boyke Bunk, Anja J. Taverne-Thiele, Marcel Giesbers, Jerry M. Wells, Klaus Neuhaus, Angelika Schnieke, Felipe Cava, Nicola Segata, Lothar Elling, Till Strowig, Jason M. Ridlon, Tobias A. M. Gulder, Jörg Overmann & Thomas Clavel (15 December 2020). “A collection of bacterial isolates from the pig intestine reveals functional and taxonomic diversity”. Nature Communications 11 (1): 6389. doi:10.1038/s41467-020-19929-w. PMC 7738495. PMID 33319778.
^ Aharon Oren, George M. Garrity (02 August 2021). “Valid publication of new names and new combinations effectively published outside the IJSEM”. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 71 (7): 4846. doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.004846.
^ Futoshi Nakazawa, Sergio E. Poco, Tetsuro Ikeda, Michiko Sato, Sotos Kalfas, Göran Sundqvist, Etsuro Hoshino (01 July 1999). “Cryptobacterium curtum gen. nov., sp. nov., a new genus of Gram-positive anaerobic rod isolated from human oral cavities”. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 49 (3): 1193-200. doi:10.1099/00207713-49-3-1193. PMID 10425779.
^ “Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 49, part 3, of the IJSB”. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 49 (4): 1327-1328. (01 October 1999). doi:10.1099/00207713-49-4-1327.
^ R C Anderson, M A Rasmussen, N S Jensen, M J Allison (01 March 2000). “Denitrobacterium detoxificans gen. nov., sp. nov., a ruminal bacterium that respires on nitrocompounds.”. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 50 (2): 633-638. doi:10.1099/00207713-50-2-633. PMID 10758869.
^ “Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 50, part 2, of the IJSEM.”. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 50 (3): 951-953. (01 May 2000). doi:10.1099/00207713-50-3-951.
^ ^a ^b Euzéby JP, Parte AC. “Family Eggerthellaceae”. List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN). 2023年1月20日閲覧。
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Gupta, Radhey S. (2021), Carro, Lorena, ed., “Eggerthellaceae” (英語), Bergey's Manual of Systematics of Archaea and Bacteria (American Cancer Society): 1–11, doi:10.1002/9781118960608.fbm00384, ISBN 978-1-118-96060-8 2021年7月5日閲覧。
^ Gupta, Radhey S. (2021), Carro, Lorena, ed., “Eggerthellaceae” (英語), Bergey's Manual of Systematics of Archaea and Bacteria (American Cancer Society): 1–11, doi:10.1002/9781118960608.fbm00384, ISBN 978-1-118-96060-8 2021年7月13日閲覧。
^ Nouioui I, Carro L, García-López M, Meier-Kolthoff JP, Woyke T, Kyrpides NC, Pukall R, Klenk H-P, Goodfellow M, Markus Göker M. (2018). “Genome-Based Taxonomic Classification of the Phylum Actinobacteria”. Front. Microbiol. 9: 2007. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.02007. PMC 6113628. PMID 30186281.

この項目は、細菌（バクテリア）に関連した書きかけの項目です。この項目を加筆・訂正などしてくださる協力者を求めています（Portal:生き物と自然／ウィキプロジェクト生物）。

[18] アサッカロバクター属(Asaccharobacter)、Ellagibacter属、Enteroscipio属、パラエガセラ属(Paraeggerthella)及びRubneribacter属はこの系統図に含まれていない。

[10.1099/ijs.0.048371-0-1] Radhey S. Gupta, Wan Jun Chen, Mobolaji Adeolu, Yujuan Chai (01 September 2013). “Molecular signatures for the class Coriobacteriia and its different clades; proposal for division of the class Coriobacteriia into the emended order Coriobacteriales , containing the emended family Coriobacteriaceae and Atopobiaceae fam. nov., and Eggerthellales ord. nov., containing the family Eggerthellaceae fam. nov.”. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 63 (Pt_9): 3379-3397. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.048371-0. PMID 23524353.

[10.1099/ijs.0.058248-0-2] Aharon Oren, George M. Garrity (01 December 2013). “Notification that new names of prokaryotes and new combinations have appeared in volume 63, part 9, of the IJSEM”. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 63 (Pt_12): 4371-4373. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.058248-0.

[10.1099/00207713-49-2-595-3] William G. Wade, Julia Downes, David Dymock, Sarah J. Hiom, Andrew J. Weightman, Floyd E. Dewhirst, Bruce J. Paster, Nia Tzellas, Brittney Coleman (01 April 1999). “The family Coriobacteriaceae: reclassification of Eubacterium exiguum ( Poco etal. 1996 ) and Peptostreptococcus heliotrinreducens ( Lanigan 1976 ) as Slackia exigua gen. nov., comb. nov. and Slackia heliotrinireducens gen. nov., comb. nov., and Eubacterium lentum (Prevot 1938) as Eggerthella lenta gen. nov., comb. nov.”. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 49 (2): 595-600. doi:10.1099/00207713-49-2-595. PMID 10319481.

[10.1099/00207713-49-3-937-4] “Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 49, part 2, of the IJSB”. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 49 (3): 937-939. (01 July 1999). doi:10.1099/00207713-49-3-937.

[10.1099/ijs.0.65404-0-5] Toshinari Maruo, Mitsuo Sakamoto, Chiaki Ito, Toshiya Toda, Yoshimi Benno (01 May 2008). “Adlercreutzia equolifaciens gen. nov., sp. nov., an equol-producing bacterium isolated from human faeces, and emended description of the genus Eggerthella”. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 58 (5): 1221-1227. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.65404-0. PMID 18450717.

[10.1099/ijs.0.2008/005975-0-6] “Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 58, part 5, of the IJSEM”. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 58 (8): 1783-1784. (01 August 2008). doi:10.1099/ijs.0.2008/005975-0.

[10.1099/ijs.0.64894-0-7] Kimiko Minamida, Kyohei Ota, Megumi Nishimukai, Michiko Tanaka, Ayumi Abe, Teruo Sone, Fusao Tomita, Hiroshi Hara, Kozo Asano (01 May 2008). “Asaccharobacter celatus gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from rat caecum”. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 58 (5): 1238-1240. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.64894-0. PMID 18450720.

[10.1038/s41467-020-19929-w-8] David Wylensek, Thomas C. A. Hitch, Thomas Riedel, Afrizal Afrizal, Neeraj Kumar, Esther Wortmann, Tianzhe Liu, Saravanan Devendran, Till R. Lesker, Sara B. Hernández, Viktoria Heine, Eva M. Buhl, Paul M. D’Agostino, Fabio Cumbo, Thomas Fischöder, Marzena Wyschkon, Torey Looft, Valeria R. Parreira, Birte Abt, Heidi L. Doden, Lindsey Ly, João M. P. Alves, Markus Reichlin, Krzysztof Flisikowski, Laura Navarro Suarez, Anthony P. Neumann, Garret Suen, Tomas de Wouters, Sascha Rohn, Ilias Lagkouvardos, Emma Allen-Vercoe, Cathrin Spröer, Boyke Bunk, Anja J. Taverne-Thiele, Marcel Giesbers, Jerry M. Wells, Klaus Neuhaus, Angelika Schnieke, Felipe Cava, Nicola Segata, Lothar Elling, Till Strowig, Jason M. Ridlon, Tobias A. M. Gulder, Jörg Overmann & Thomas Clavel (15 December 2020). “A collection of bacterial isolates from the pig intestine reveals functional and taxonomic diversity”. Nature Communications 11 (1): 6389. doi:10.1038/s41467-020-19929-w. PMC 7738495. PMID 33319778.

[10.1099/ijsem.0.004846-9] Aharon Oren, George M. Garrity (02 August 2021). “Valid publication of new names and new combinations effectively published outside the IJSEM”. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 71 (7): 4846. doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.004846.

[10.1099/00207713-49-3-1193-10] Futoshi Nakazawa, Sergio E. Poco, Tetsuro Ikeda, Michiko Sato, Sotos Kalfas, Göran Sundqvist, Etsuro Hoshino (01 July 1999). “Cryptobacterium curtum gen. nov., sp. nov., a new genus of Gram-positive anaerobic rod isolated from human oral cavities”. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 49 (3): 1193-200. doi:10.1099/00207713-49-3-1193. PMID 10425779.

[10.1099/00207713-49-4-1327-11] “Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 49, part 3, of the IJSB”. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 49 (4): 1327-1328. (01 October 1999). doi:10.1099/00207713-49-4-1327.

[10.1099/00207713-50-2-633-12] R C Anderson, M A Rasmussen, N S Jensen, M J Allison (01 March 2000). “Denitrobacterium detoxificans gen. nov., sp. nov., a ruminal bacterium that respires on nitrocompounds.”. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 50 (2): 633-638. doi:10.1099/00207713-50-2-633. PMID 10758869.

[10.1099/00207713-50-3-951-13] “Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 50, part 2, of the IJSEM.”. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 50 (3): 951-953. (01 May 2000). doi:10.1099/00207713-50-3-951.

[LPSN-14] Euzéby JP, Parte AC. “Family Eggerthellaceae”. List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN). 2023年1月20日閲覧。

[:0-15] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Gupta, Radhey S. (2021), Carro, Lorena, ed., “Eggerthellaceae” (英語), Bergey's Manual of Systematics of Archaea and Bacteria (American Cancer Society): 1–11, doi:10.1002/9781118960608.fbm00384, ISBN 978-1-118-96060-8 2021年7月5日閲覧。

[16] Gupta, Radhey S. (2021), Carro, Lorena, ed., “Eggerthellaceae” (英語), Bergey's Manual of Systematics of Archaea and Bacteria (American Cancer Society): 1–11, doi:10.1002/9781118960608.fbm00384, ISBN 978-1-118-96060-8 2021年7月13日閲覧。

[Nouioui-17] Nouioui I, Carro L, García-López M, Meier-Kolthoff JP, Woyke T, Kyrpides NC, Pukall R, Klenk H-P, Goodfellow M, Markus Göker M. (2018). “Genome-Based Taxonomic Classification of the Phylum Actinobacteria”. Front. Microbiol. 9: 2007. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.02007. PMC 6113628. PMID 30186281.

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[注釈 1]