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Carrollton Viaduct
Carrollton Viaduct in 1971
基本情報
所在地 Baltimore, Maryland
交差物件 Gwynns Falls英語版
用途 Railroad
管理者 CSX Transportation
着工 1828年 (1828)
開通

1829

カロルトン橋
所在地Gwynn's Falls near Carroll Park, Baltimore, Maryland
建設1829
建築家James Lloyd; Caspar Wever
NRHP登録番号71001032[1]
指定・解除日
NRHP指定日November 11, 1971[1]
NHL指定日November 11, 1971[2]
構造諸元
形式 Arch bridge
材料 Granite
全長 312フィート (95 m)
高さ 65フィート (20 m)
桁下高 51フィート9インチ (15.8 m)
最大支間長 80フィート (24 m)
関連項目
橋の一覧 - 各国の橋 - 橋の形式
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The Carrollton Viaduct, located over Gwynns Falls near Carroll Park in Baltimore, Maryland, is the first stone masonry bridge built for railroad use in the United States.

説明

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Description

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Laying of the cornerstone of the B&O.

The bridge is currently one of the world's oldest railroad bridges still in use for rail traffic, carrying loads far greater than originally envisioned.[3][4] It was named after Charles Carroll of Carrollton, the last living signer of the Declaration of Independence and a director of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, who laid the cornerstone on July 4, 1828.[5] As he laid the first stone he said, "I consider this among the most important acts of my life, second only to my signing the Declaration of Independence." Builder Caspar Wever and designer James Lloyd completed the structure for the railroad in November 1829, at an officially listed cost of $58,106.73. The actual cost of the construction may have been as high as $100,000.[6]

The bridge, 312 feet (95 m) in length, rises from its foundations about 65フィート (20 m). It is 51フィート9インチ (15.8 m) above Gwynns Falls. It consists of a full-centered arch with a clear span length of 80フィート (24 m) over the stream, and a space for two railroad tracks on its deck. To provide an underpass for a wagon road, an arched passageway, 16フィート (5 m) in width, was built through one of the masonry-walled approaches. Originally planned as one arch of 40フィート (12 m) chord, the dimensions were enlarged to quiet the concern of the proprietor of the mills located immediately above the bridge site, who feared that 40 feet would be insufficient if the stream was flooded. The heavy granite blocks which form the arches and exterior walls were procured from Ellicott's Mills and Port Deposit英語版.[7] A temporary wooden framework supporting the central span held 1,500 tons (1,360 tonnes) of this stone during construction. A white cornerstone at one end of the bridge bears the inscription "James Lloyd of Maryland, Builder A.D. 1829."

Andrew Jackson, the first President of the United States to ride on a railroad train, crossed the bridge on a trip between Ellicott's Mills and Baltimore on June 6, 1833. The Carrollton Viaduct has provided continual service to the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad and its modern corporate successor, CSX Transportation.

The viaduct was designated a National Historic Landmark on November 11, 1971 and was automatically listed on the National Register of Historic Places the same day.[2][8]

In 1982 the viaduct was designated a Historic Civil Engineering Landmark by the American Society of Civil Engineers.

関連項目

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参考文献

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Notes
  1. ^ a b National Park Service (9 July 2010). "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. {{cite web}}: Cite webテンプレートでは|access-date=引数が必須です。 (説明)
  2. ^ a b Carrollton Viaduct”. National Historic Landmark summary listing. National Park Service. 2007年2月11日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。2007年10月8日閲覧。
  3. ^ Johns Hopkins University, Department of Civil Engineering. “Carrollton Viaduct”. June 3, 2010時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。April 5, 2006閲覧。
  4. ^ 1825 Skerne Bridge, Darlington”. Template:Cite webの呼び出しエラー:引数 accessdate は必須です。
  5. ^ John Moody (1919). “The Railroad Builders”. April 6, 2006閲覧。 (The HAER report states that the cornerstone was laid in May 1828.)
  6. ^ Dilts, James D. (1993). The Great Road: The Building of the Baltimore & Ohio, the Nation's First Railroad, 1828-1853. Stanford University Press英語版. pp. 75. ISBN 0-8047-2629-9. https://books.google.com/books?id=JjrCWPwvHzIC&pg=PP1&dq=great+road 
  7. ^ Laura Rice. Maryland History In Prints 1743-1900. p. 82 
  8. ^ W. Brown Morton III (August 5, 1971) (pdf). National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination: Carrollton Viaduct. National Park Service. http://focus.nps.gov/pdfhost/docs/NHLS/Text/71001032.pdf. . Accompanying 2 photos, from 1971. (320 KiB)
Works cited

外部リンク

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Category:ボルチモアの建築物 en:Carrollton Viaduct en:Special:Permalink/751370190