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利用者:ツバル/sandbox/ジェレズノゴルスク (クラスノヤルスク地方)

Zheleznogorsk (ロシア語: Железного́рск) is a closed town in Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia, with a developed nuclear industry. Population: 84,795 (2010年調査);[1] 93,875 (2002年調査).[2]

History

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The town was formerly known as Krasnoyarsk-26 (Красноя́рск-26).[3]

It was established in 1950 for the production of weapons-grade plutonium.[4] The history of the town and the associated defense complex are intertwined. In 1959, the Government created the Eastern office of OKB-1 (further NPO PM) under M.F. Reshetnev supervision. Defense plants included nuclear facilities built within caverns excavated in the granite mountain on the northern edge of the city as well as space research enterprises.[5]

It was a secret town in the Soviet Union until President Boris Yeltsin decreed in 1992 that such places could use their historical names. Before then, the town had not appeared on any official maps. As is the tradition with Soviet towns containing secret facilities, "Krasnoyarsk-26" is actually a P.O. Box number and implies that the place is located some distance from the city of Krasnoyarsk. The town was also known as Soctown, Iron City, the Nine,[6] and Atom Town.[5]

Administrative and municipal status

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Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is, together with five rural localities, incorporated as the closed administrative-territorial formation of Zheleznogorsk—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[7] As a municipal division, the closed administrative-territorial formation of Zheleznogorsk is incorporated as Zheleznogorsk Urban Okrug.[8]

Economy

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Zheleznogorsk is the location of the Krasnoyarsk Mining and Chemical Combine, a combine which played a significant role in the early Russian nuclear weapons production campaigns.

Zheleznogorsk is also the location for the production of plutonium, electricity and district heat using graphite-moderated water-cooled reactors. The last reactor was shut down permanently in Аpril 2010.[9] It is the location of a military reprocessing facility and for a Russian commercial nuclear-waste storage facility.

A significant employer in the city is ISS Reshetnev (Reshetnev Information Satellite Systems), Russia's largest satellite manufacturer and the prime developer of the GLONASS program.

References

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注記

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  1. ^ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (ロシア語). Federal State Statistics Service.
  2. ^ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (21 May 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (ロシア語).
  3. ^ Zhigulsky, Anton (October 25, 1995). “Former Closed Cities Host International Fair”. The Moscow Times. 13 January 2015閲覧。
  4. ^ World Data Centers in Russia.
  5. ^ a b Atom Town, edited by Vladimir Medvedev, "Bear" Company, Zheleznogorsk.
  6. ^ The Siberia Chemical Building Company was located in Zheleznogorsk but had a different postal code, Krasnoyarsk - 9.
  7. ^ Law #10-4765
  8. ^ Law #14-3412
  9. ^ Ceremony marks end of a nuclear era

源

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  • Template:RussiaAdmMunRef/kya/admlist
  • Законодательное собрание Красноярского края. Закон №14-3412 от 26 мая 2005 г. «О статусе закрытых административно-территориальных образований Красноярского края», в ред. Закона №8-2948 от 19 февраля 2009 г. «О внесении изменения в статью 1 Закона края «О статусе закрытых административно-территориальных образований Красноярского края»». Вступил в силу через десять дней после официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Ведомости высших органов государственной власти Красноярского края", №26, 23 июня 2005 г. (Legislative Assembly of Krasnoyarsk Krai. Law #14-3412 of May 26, 2005 On the Status of the Closed Administrative-Territorial Formations of Krasnoyarsk Krai, as amended by the Law #8-2948 of February 19, 2009 On Amending Article 1 of the Krai Law "On the Status of the Closed Administrative-Territorial Formations of Krasnoyarsk Krai". Effective as of ten days after the official publication.).
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ウィキメディア・コモンズには、Zheleznogorskに関するカテゴリがあります。

[[Category:クラスノヤルスク地方の都市]] [[Category:閉鎖都市]]

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