利用者:ツバル/sandbox/モンテック水斜面
The Montech water slope is a type of canal inclined plane built on the Canal de Garonne, in the commune of Montech, Tarn-et-Garonne, South West France. It is managed by the publicly owned Voies navigables de France and it replaced a group of five successive locks.
動作原理[編集]
水斜面の原理は、水密のゲートにより保持されたくさび形の水が移動することにより水路の中を斜めに昇降するというものである。この技術は19世紀にドイツの技師、ユリウス・グレーフェ（Julius Greve）が発明し、1961年[1][2]にフランスの技師、ジャン・オベール（Jean Aubert）によって実用化された[3]。 The Montech water slope was inaugurated in July 1974.
A sloping concrete channel is continuously fed by a small stream of water, thus overcoming any leakage at the seals around a movable gate. The movable gate spans the channel. The points of contact of the gate with the channel are tight but not fixed. Two adapted diesel locomotives, one on either side of the channel support the gate.
ボートは下記の手順で上昇する: 運河に沿って移動できる水門が上昇し、ボートが運河に入り、水門が下降する。 This isolates a wedge of water, on which the boat is floating, from the canal it has left. The locomotives ascend the slope pushing the water wedge in front of the movable gate. The boat rides on the water wedge. When the water level in the wedge matches that of the upper canal, an upper (non-moving) gate is opened and the boat is then allowed to float free.
下降の手順は上記の逆である。
Details of the machinery[編集]
By virtue of its power and ingenuity the slope's mobile barrier is the key to the system. It consists of:
- Two locomotives, rigidly connected together by a cross piece which spans the channel, with the locomotives travelling on the channel's banks.
- The gate, which acts as a big slide-valve, connected to the rigid cross member by an arm.
- A horizontal beam serving as a shock absorber between the boats and the gate.
Each diesel electric locomotive develops 1,000馬力 (750 kW) distributed to four drive motors, one on each of the four axles each with two large pneumatic tyres.
The three contact faces of the gate with the channel are equipped with seals to keep the wedge of water in place. The gate is raised or lowered using a hydraulic ram.
The shock absorber is a hydraulically levelled hinged metal frame. It allows boats to be connected to the gate during ascents and descents. An electronic system keeps motion gentle and smooth. Finally triple brakes slow the system without jerks.
Design features[編集]
- Weight of the engines: 200 tonnes
- Pushing effort: 60 tonnes
- Speed: 4.5 km/h
- Volume of water moved: 1,500 m³
- Slope of the channel: 3%
- Height of the slope: 13.30 m
- Depth of water wedge moved: 3.75 m
- Length of the water wedge: 125 metres
- Power of the locomotives: 2 x 1,000馬力 (750 kW)
- Length of the channel: 443 m
- Width of the channel: 6 m
- Duration of passage: about 6 minutes
- Length, width and capacity of the boats: 38.5 m, 5.5 m and 250 tonnes.
Publicity[編集]
The Montech water slope was featured in an episode of the 2005 BBC television series Rick Stein's French Odyssey.
See also[編集]
- Fonserannes water slope
- Garonne
- Canal du Midi
- Original French article from which this article was translated
Further reading[編集]
- Uhlemann, Hans-Joachim (2002). Canal Lifts and Inclines of the World (Softback ed.). Internat. ISBN 0-9543181-1-0
- Hadfield, Charles (1986). World Canals (First ed.). David & Charles. ISBN 0-7153-8555-0
References[編集]
- ^ Lance Day; Ian McNeil. Biographical Dictionary of the History of Technology
- ^ Ian McNeil. An Encyclopaedia of the history of technology
- ^ Rolt, L. T. C. (1973). From Sea to Sea. Ohio University Press. ISBN 9780713904710
External links[編集]
Photos[編集]
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Slope seen from below; movable gate at the top of the slope -
Waiting -
Closing the gate -
Gate closed -
Boat ascending -
Engines seen from the side -
Engines seen from below/ from downstream -
Engines and movable gate at the top of the slope
