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利用者:K.F./sandbox

{{基礎情報 過去の国 | 公式国名 = තම්බපණ්ණිය රාජධානිය  (シンハラ語)
Tambapaṇṇī Rājadhāniya | 日本語国名 = タンバパンニ王国 | 略名 = タンバパンニ | 建国時期 = 紀元前543年 | 亡国時期 = 紀元前437年 | 先代1 = ナーガ族（英語版） | 先旗1 = no | 先代2 =ヤッカ族 | 先旗2 = no | 次代1 = アヌラーダプラ王国 | 次旗1 = no | 首都 = タンバパンニ（英語版）[1]
ウパティッサガマ（[[:en:Upatissagāma}][2]
ヴィジタプラ（英語版）[3] |英語版]]）

タンバパンニ王国(තම්බපණ්ණිය රාජධානිය  (シンハラ語))は、スリランカにおける最初のシンハラ人王国である。統治の中心はタンバパンニ（英語版）に置かれていた。王国は紀元前543年から紀元前437年まで存続していた。スリランカの歴史書マハーワンサによると、王国はウィジャヤとその従者たちによって作られた。

国名

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タンバパンニという国名は、サンスクリットのTāmraparṇīまたはTāmravarṇīに由来する[4]。この語は、インドのタミル・ナードゥ州南部を流れるタミラバラニ川を指している。語の意味は銅色であり、これはウィジャヤと従者たちがスリランカに上陸した際に、赤土の埃のせいで手足が銅のように赤くなったからだとされている。このことから、上陸地に作られた街の名前がタンバパンニとされた[5]。この名前は古代ギリシャへタプロバーナ（英語版）となって伝わった。

背景

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Ancient grave sites that were used before 600 BC and other signs of civilisation have also been discovered in Sri Lanka, but little is known about the history of the island before this time.[6] According to the Mahāvamsa, a chronicle written in Pāḷi, the inhabitants of Sri Lanka prior to the Sinhala migration were the mythical Yakkha (スクリプトエラー: 関数「langx」は存在しません。 yakṣa; スクリプトエラー: 関数「langx」は存在しません。) and Nāga races.[7][8] Sinhalese history and the historical period of Sri Lanka traditionally starts in 543 BC with the arrival of Prince Vijaya.Template:CN

Legend has it that when Prince Vijaya landed on the shores of the island he kissed the sand, called it 'Thambapanni' and planted a flag depicting a lion in the ground. (The famous 'Sanchi' ruins of India depict the events of Prince Vijaya'a landing).[9] After landing in Tambapaṇṇī, Vijaya met Kuveni the queen of the Yakkhas, who was disguised as a beautiful woman but was really a yakkhini named Sesapathi.[10]

History

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The Kingdom of Tambapaṇṇī was founded by Prince Vijaya, the first Sinhalese King, and 700 of his followers after landing in Sri Lanka in an area near modern-day Mannar, which is believed to be the district of Chilaw.[11] It is recorded that Vijaya made his landing on the day of Buddha's death.[12] Vijaya claimed Tambapaṇṇī as his capital and soon the whole island became known by this name. Tambapaṇṇī was originally inhabited and governed by Yakkhas, and their queen Kuveni, with their capital at Sirīsavatthu.[1]

Upatissagāma was the second capital of the kingdom. It was seven or eight miles further north of the previous capital Tambapaṇṇī.[3][13][14] The city was established by Upatissa, a follower and senior minister of Vijaya.

During the end of his reign Vijaya, who was having trouble choosing a successor, so sent a letter to the city of his ancestors at Sinhapura, in order to invite his brother Sumitta to take over the throne.[15] However Vijaya had died before the letter had reached its destination so the monarchy was succeeded by his chief minister Upatissa who acted as king for a year.[2]

See also

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References

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Citations

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  1. ^ a b palikanon.com 2019.
  2. ^ a b Malalasekera 2017.
  3. ^ a b Codrington 1926, p. 9.
  4. ^ Perera n.d.
  5. ^ Chapter III. Connection With Ceylon, Generally One Of Hostility 2009.
  6. ^ Blaze 1933, p. 6.
  7. ^ Senaveratna 1930, p. 2.
  8. ^ Senaveratna 1930, p. 4.
  9. ^ Naizer 2009.
  10. ^ Manathunga 2007.
  11. ^ Mittal 2006, p. 405.
  12. ^ King Vijaya (B.C. 543-504) and his successors 2009.
  13. ^ Blaze 1933, p. 7.
  14. ^ Senaveratna 1930, p. 10.
  15. ^ Blaze 1933, p. 12.

Bibliography

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Template:Sinhalese Monarchy Template:Sri Lanka topics

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