利用者:Miya/sandbox/自己クーデター

自己クーデターとは、反乱もしくはクーデターの一種で、国の長がすでに合法的に最高権力の地位にあるにもかかわらず、国家司法府を解体もしくは無力化し、法に拠らずに、通常の体制では認められていない強大な権力を手にすること。

セルフ・クー、オートクーとも。その他の手段としては、国家の憲法を無効化したり、法廷を停止することも含まれうる。ほとんどの場合、政府の長が独裁者となる。^{[citation needed]}

自己クーデターのリスト[編集]

古代ローマ: The Roman dictatorship was an established form of office during the Republican period, in which one person (a consul or ex-consul), during an emergency, had absolute power for six months. Lucius Cornelius Sulla and Julius Caesar, however, had dictatorship for a longer time; Caesar was named dictator perpetuo, or dictator-for-life, and was subsequently assassinated shortly after accepting this position.
- 独裁官ルキウス・コルネリウス・スッラ (ca. 81 BC) See: Constitutional Reforms of Lucius Cornelius Sulla
- 法務官、執政官、独裁官　Governor, Consul or Dictator ガイウス・ユリウス・カエサル（ジュリアス･シーザー） (between 50 and 48 BC)^[1]
スウェーデン: King Gustav III (19 August 1772)
メキシコ第一帝政: Emperor Agustín (October 31, 1822)
フランス第二共和制: President Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte (December 2, 1851)
メキシコ: President Ignacio Comonfort (December 17, 1857)
ブラジル第一共和制: President Deodoro da Fonseca (November 3, 1891)
Mexico: President Gen. Victoriano Huerta (October 7, 1913)
Kingdom of Italy: Prime Minister Benito Mussolini (January 3, 1925)
Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes: King Alexander I (January 6, 1929)
Germany: Chancellor Adolf Hitler (March 23, 1933)
Austria: Chancellor Engelbert Dollfuss (March 1933 - 1 May 1934)
Uruguay: President Gabriel Terra (March 31, 1933)
Estonia: Prime Minister Konstantin Päts (March 12, 1934)
Latvia: Prime Minister Kārlis Ulmanis (May 15, 1934)
Chile: President Arturo Alessandri Palma (February 1936)
Kingdom of Greece: Prime Minister Ioannis Metaxas (August 4, 1936)
First Brazilian Republic: President Getúlio Vargas (November 10, 1937)
Romania: King Carol II (February 10, 1938)
Bolivia: President Maj. Germán Busch (April 24, 1939)
Paraguay: President Gen. José Félix Estigarribia (February 18, 1940)
Uruguay: President Alfredo Baldomir (February 21, 1942)
Ecuador: President José María Velasco Ibarra (March 30, 1946)
Paraguay: President Higinio Morínigo (January 13, 1947)
Iran: Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi (August 15, 1953)
Dominion of Pakistan: Governor-General Malik Ghulam Muhammad (April 1953 and September 1954)
Indonesia: President Sukarno (July 5, 1959)
Morocco: King Muhammad V (May 20, 1960)
Kingdom of Nepal: King Mahendra (December 15, 1960)
Brunei: Sultan Sir Omar Ali Saifuddin (December 12, 1962)
Morocco: King Hassan II (June 7, 1965)
Uganda: Prime Minister Milton Obote (February 22 and 23, 1966)
Lesotho: Prime Minister Chief Leabua Jonathan (January 30, 1970)
Ecuador: President José María Velasco Ibarra (June 22, 1970)
Thailand: Prime Minister Field Marshal Thanom Kittikachorn (November 17, 1971)
Philippines: President Ferdinand Marcos (September 23, 1972)
First Republic of South Korea: President Syngman Rhee (May 23, 1952 - July 4, 1952)
Fourth Republic of South Korea: President Park Chung-hee (October 1972)
Swaziland: King Sobhuza II (April 12, 1973)
Uruguay: President Juan Maria Bordaberry (June 27, 1973)
Upper Volta: President Gen. Sangoulé Lamizana (February 8, 1974)
Bolivia: President Hugo Banzer (November 7, 1974)
インド: Prime Minister Indira Gandhi (June 25, 1975)
Bahrain: Emir Sheikh Isa bin Salman Al Khalifa (August 26, 1975)
ポーランド: Prime Minister Wojciech Jaruzelski (December 13, 1981)
ペルー: 大統領アルベルト・フジモリ (April 5, 1992)
グァテマラ: President Jorge Serrano Elías (May 25, 1993; failed)
Russian Federation: President Boris Yeltsin (September 21 - October 4, 1993)
Lesotho: King Letsie III (August 17, 1994)
Kingdom of Nepal: King Gyanendra (October 4, 2002)
Kingdom of Nepal: King Gyanendra (February 1, 2005)
Pakistan: President Gen. Pervez Musharraf (November 3, 2007)
Niger: President Mamadou Tandja (June 29, 2009)
Egypt: President Mohamed Morsi (November 22 - December 8, 2012)

References[編集]

^ See Caesar's civil war

[[Category:クーデター]]

[1] See Caesar's civil war

[1]