利用者:Shinkansen Fan/海洋エネルギー
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Ocean energy, also referred to as marine renewable energy, marine power, marine energy, and ocean power, refers to the energy carried by ocean waves and tides. The movement of water in the world’s oceans creates a vast store of kinetic energy, or energy in motion. This energy can be harnessed to createelectricity to power homes, transport and industries.
The term marine energy encompasses both wave energy and tidal energy obtained from oceans, seas, and, in general, other large bodies of water. Offshore wind energy is also sometimes included under the description of marine energy. Marine energy is similar to hydroelectric power, although that term usually refers to energy generated by dammed rivers or waterfalls.
The oceans have a tremendous amount of energy and are close to many if not most concentrated populations. Many researches show that ocean energy has the potentiality of providing for a substantial amount of newrenewable energy around the world.[1]
再生可能な海洋エネルギー[編集]
The oceans represent a vast and largely tapped source of energy in the form of fluid flow (currents, waves, and tides—also termed hydrokinetics) and thermal and salinity gradients. There are a number of approaches to extracting energy from the ocean, though most remain in the investigation or demonstration phase.
- 海流発電 en:Marine current power
- 海洋温度差発電 en:Ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC)
- 浸透圧発電Salinity gradient power
- 潮力発電 en:Tidal power
- 波力発電 en:Wave power
- Damless hydro
Sometimes Wind power (offshore) is also included in the list of renewable ocean energies.
Theoretical potential of renewable ocean energy[編集]
The theoretical global ocean energy resource is estimated to be on the order of:
- 20 GW (2000 TWh/year) for osmotic energy
- 1 TW (10000 TWh/year) for ocean thermal energy (OTEC)
- 90 GW (800 TWh/year) for tidal current energy
- 1-9 TW (8000 – 80000 TWh/year) for wave energy [2]
This theoretical potential is several times greater than the actual global electricity demand, and equivalent to 4000 – 18000 MToE (million tons of oil equivalent).[要出典]
再生可能でない海洋エネルギー[編集]
Petroleum and natural gas beneath the ocean floor are increasingly important sources of energy. Anocean engineer directs all phases of discovering,extracting, and delivering offshore petroleum (via oil tankers and pipelines), a complex and demanding task. Also centrally important is the development of new methods to protect marine wildlife and coastal regions against the undesirable side effects of offshore oil extraction.
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Template:Ocean energy Template:Electricity generation Template:Physical oceanography