利用者:加藤勝憲/モントリオール中華街 or 中華街 (モントリオール)
加藤勝憲/モントリオール中華街 or 中華街 |
|---|
モントリオール中華街（英語：Chinatown in Montreal、フランス語: Quartier chinois de Montréal、簡体字: 蒙特利尔唐人街、繁体字: 蒙特利爾唐人街、ピンイン: Méngtèlì'ěr Tángrénjiē)は is located in the area of カナダ、モントリオールのドゥ・ラ・ゴシュティエール通りに面して存在する街区。The neighbourhood contains many Asian restaurants, food markets, and convenience stores as well being home to many of Montreal's East Asian community centres, such as the Montreal Chinese Hospital and the Montreal Chinese Community and Cultural Center.
歴史
[編集]
起源
[編集]この地域はもともとは、モントリオールのユダヤ教徒の共同体で、1890年から1920年にかけて、サンローラン大通りを中心としたユダヤ教徒街の一部として、イディッシュ語を話す移民がこの地域に定住していた[1]。
最初の中国人移民は、1877年3月にやって来た。この街を作っていくことになる最初の中国人は、陳、譚、李、黄の各氏族に属していた[2][3]。 台山市出身の多くの中国人（全て梁一族に従って）が住み着いた。 Many Taishan Chinese settled (all following the Leung Family) in the area 彼らは鉄道建設に従事していたので、この地区に住むのがつごうが良かったからである。
Among the first Chinese residents was Jos Song Long who opened a laundromat on Craig Street (today Saint Antoine Street).[4] Most Chinese residents primarily spoke Toisanese, a sister language of Cantonese, and had moved from British Columbia and southern China to what had been a primarily residential area.[5] Initially, many Chinese Montrealers ran laundromats, as owning their own businesses allowed them to avoid the pay discrimination that they had faced in British Columbia. Businesses such as laundromats required geographic proximity to its customers, and as a result, this type of business became quite common in Montreal, with Chinatown being largely commercially oriented.
1902年に公式に「中華街」と呼ばれるようになり、, and specifically referred to several blocks centered on De La Gauchetière Street between Chenneville and Clark Streets. On these streets, many Chinese-owned businesses opened, notably restaurants and specialty grocers.[5] The neighbourhood was strategically located with modest-sized lots, affordable rents and close proximity to Saint-Laurent Boulevard, which attracted non-Chinese clients.[6]
Over the years, Hong Kong Chinese and ethnic Chinese refugees from Vietnam also set up shops and restaurants in the area.
衰退
[編集]1970年代以降、モントリオール中華街は多くの都市再開発計画の対象となり、チャイナタウンの規模は縮小し、その拡大も縮小した[2]。 This saw to the expropriation and demolition of over 6 acres of private properties in the construction of the Complexe Guy-Favreau and a city block of Chinatown for the construction of Palais des congrès de Montréal, even as community consultation and negotiations were still on-going.[2][3] Rezoning of areas east of Saint Laurent from Chinatown in the 1980s has further prevented the growth expansion of Chinatown businesses. In 2022, it was announced that Chinatown would be granted heritage status by the province to shield the neighbourhood from further negative effects brought on by development and gentrification.[7]
Features
[編集]Much of Montreal Chinatown is located on La Gauchetière Street and around Saint Urbain Street and Saint Lawrence Boulevard (boul. Saint-Laurent), between René Lévesque Boulevard and Viger Avenue (Place-d'Armes Montreal metro station), occupying roughly the area of a city block. The part of La Gauchetière that crosses through Chinatown is a pedestrian walkway, making it more inviting for a stroll. On several weekends during the summer, the street becomes a lively outdoor fair. Prior to 1970, a significant part of Chinatown extended west to Jeannes-Mance Street.
Montreal has the most paifang of any Chinatown in Canada, with 4 gates in the:
- North: 北緯45度30分31秒 西経73度33分41秒 / 北緯45.508695度 西経73.561272度
- South: 北緯45度30分27秒 西経73度33分32秒 / 北緯45.507597度 西経73.558842度
- East: 北緯45度30分30秒 西経73度33分35秒 / 北緯45.508441度 西経73.559692度
- West: 北緯45度30分19秒 西経73度33分43秒 / 北緯45.505324度 西経73.561908度
Montreal's Chinatown is a vibrant nightspot for locals and tourists alike thanks to a special regulation by Montreal's city officials which slates the sector as a tourist area, thus allowing it to continue operations well into the evening. Cantonese seafood, barbecue and dim sum restaurants and Vietnamese Phở eateries are featured in Chinatown. Many local Asian-Canadians frequent the area since the shops offer products directly imported from Mainland China or Vietnam that are difficult to find elsewhere in town.[要出典]
Aside from its economic importance in the sector, Montreal's Chinatown actively participate in numerous community activities. The offices of many Chinese newspapers, organizations and associations are located in the surrounding buildings. Moreover, the Chinatown houses the biggest Chinese school of Montreal (over 1500 students) as well as the Montreal Chinese Catholic Mission. Over the years, the Canadian government has continually sought to invest in the area by funding the construction of the Montreal Chinese Hospital and the Montreal Chinese Cultural and Community Centre.
The new CHUM hospital is partly located in Chinatown and the Quartier Latin.[8]
Like many other Chinatowns, Montreal also has the annual Miss Chinese Montreal Pageant, where the winner goes on to compete at the Miss Chinese International Pageant, which is usually held in Hong Kong or in mainland China.[要出典]
Media
[編集]| Chinatown, Montreal | |||||||||||||||
| 中国語 | |||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 繁体字 | 蒙特利爾唐人街 | ||||||||||||||
| 簡体字 | 蒙特利尔唐人街 | ||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||
| 別名 | |||||||||||||||
| 繁体字 | 蒙特利爾華埠 | ||||||||||||||
| 簡体字 | 蒙特利尔华埠 | ||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||
| 第二別名 | |||||||||||||||
| 繁体字 | 滿地可華埠 | ||||||||||||||
| 簡体字 | 满地可华埠 | ||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||
| フランス語 | |||||||||||||||
| フランス語 | Le quartier chinois de Montréal | ||||||||||||||
-
A bus stop located along Saint-Laurent Boulevard in Chinatown. -
Holiday Inn hotel in Chinatown -
The guardian lions at the paifang
Chinatown was the filming location of the 2008 film release Punisher: War Zone. Some parts of Chinatown were redressed with English-language signage to recreate the atmosphere of Chinatown, Manhattan.
There are Four Chinese language weekly newspapers operating in Montreal: La Grande Époque Montréal, Les Presses Chinoises, Sept Days, and the Luby.
Other Chinese areas
[編集]Chinatown West
[編集]A new Chinatown has begun to develop in the area west of Concordia University in the last fifteen years, particularly along Sainte Catherine Street between Guy Street and Greene Avenue. It caters primarily to the growing mainland Chinese and East Asian student and immigrant population in the area.[9][10] As of 2006, 22.9% of the area's population were of Chinese origin.[11] The area is commonly known as the "Concordia Ghetto", similar to the "McGill Ghetto" found in Milton Parc, a student neighborhood located directly east of McGill.
ブロサード地区
[編集]
Various Asian-themed malls have arisen along Taschereau Boulevard in the south shore suburb of Brossard, where a significant portion of the population is of Chinese origin (14% of population, 33% of visible minorities).[12] The provincial government of Quebec enticed Hong Kong millionaires to settle and invest in the province, particularly in Brossard.[要出典] The shopping centres were largely funded by Hong Kong Chinese immigrant investors, some of whom have since returned to Hong Kong or have relocated to larger Chinese immigrant centres such as Toronto and Vancouver. A wide range of Chinese restaurants, grocers, and services can still be found in Brossard.
- Place Kim Phat
中華街風景
[編集]- ^ deWolf (28 January 2008). “When Chinatown was a Jewish neighbourhood”. Spacing Montreal. 6 February 2009時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。10 November 2008閲覧。
- ^ a b c Yee, Paul (2005), Chinatown: An illustrated history of the Chinese Communities of Victoria, Vancouver, Calgary, Winnipeg, Toronto, Ottawa, Montreal and Halifax, Toronto, ON, CAN: James Lorimer & Company Limited
- ^ a b GRAVENOR, KRISTIAN (2005-09-08), “Chinatown whispers”, The Mirror 21 (12)
- ^ Helly, Denise (1987) (フランス語). Les Chinois à Montréal 1877-1951. Quebec: Institut québécois de recherche sur la culture. p. 66. ISBN 9782892240849 6 October 2018閲覧。
- ^ a b “Immigrant voices”. 2011年8月30日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。2018年10月6日閲覧。
- ^ Berson, Alban (June 2018). “La Fondation du quartier chinois de Montréal : une cité sans femmes” (フランス語). À rayons ouverts: 10–11. ISSN 0835-8672 6 October 2018閲覧。.
- ^ “Montreal’s Chinatown, threatened by development, to be granted heritage status - Montreal”. Global News. 2022年1月27日閲覧。
- ^ “Montreal Chinese Cultural Community Centre.”. 2 February 2011時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。13 January 2011閲覧。
- ^ Sam (2009年4月14日). “Montreal's other Chinatown in 2009”. Spacing Montreal. 22 November 2011時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。13 August 2009閲覧。
- ^ DeWolf (2007年2月7日). “A New "Chinatown" Grows in Montreal”. Urbanphoto.net. 13 August 2009閲覧。
- ^ “Canada 2006 Census – Census tract profile for 0065.01 (CT), Montréal (CMA)and Quebec”. www12.statcan.ca. 11 August 2017閲覧。
- ^ Statistics Canada. “Census Profile, 2016 Census”. Statistics Canada. 26 October 2021閲覧。
See also
[編集]- List of restaurant districts and streets
脚注
[編集]外部リンク
[編集]- Restaurants in Montreal Chinatown
- Pictures of Montreal Chinatown on Image Montreal
- Ville de Montréal: Quartier Chinois
[[Category:ウィキデータにある座標]] [[Category:未査読の翻訳があるページ]]