利用者:Pafun/sandbox

	地図
	Interstate 76 E map.png
路線延長	434.87 mi ({{{length_km}}} km); {{{length_notes}}}
制定年	1964
接続する; 主な道路; （記法）	Invalid type: I in アクロン, OH; Invalid type: I / Invalid type: OHTP near ヤングスタウン, OH; Invalid type: I in Cranberry, PA; Invalid type: I in New Stanton, PA; Invalid type: I in Bedford, PA; Invalid type: I near Carlisle, PA; Invalid type: I near ハリスバーグ, PA; Invalid type: I in フィラデルフィア, PA
Template:Pa browseTemplate:Nj browseTemplate:Nj browse
	■テンプレート（■ノート ■使い方） ■PJ道路

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州間高速道路76号線 (I-76) はアメリカ合衆国の州間高速道路であり、 running 435 miles (700 km) from an interchange with 州間高速道路71号線 west of アクロン (オハイオ州), east to 州間高速道路295号線 near カムデン (ニュージャージー州).

ヤングスタウンのすぐ西で、I-76はオハイオターンパイクと合流し、ヤングスタウンの南端を沿うように進む。ペンシルベニア州では、I-76は州の大部分をペンシルベニアターンパイクとして横切り、ターンパイクを抜ける前にピッツバーグとハリスバーグ付近を通過し、スクールキル高速道路上でフィラデルフィアに入り、ウォルト・ホイットマン橋を渡ってニュージャージー州に至る。州間高速道路76号線がその東端に到達した後、フリーウェイはアトランティックシティまで州道42号線とアトランティックシティ高速道路として続く。

Route description[編集]

長さ
	mi	km
OH	82.12	132.16
PA	349.67	562.74
NJ	3.08	4.96
	434.87	699.86

Ohio[編集]

詳細は「州間高速道路76号線 in Ohio」を参照

Lodi to ヤングスタウン[編集]

I-76 begins at 州間高速道路71号線 at exit 209, east of Lodi, Ohio; 国道224号線 (US 224) continues west from the end of I-76. The interchange was previously a double trumpet, but was reconstructed in 2010. ^[3]) Officially, I-76 begins at the beginning of the ramp from I-71 north; it merges with US 224 at mile 0.61. After passing through rural Medina County, I-76 enters Summit County and soon crosses 州道21号線 (旧US 21), once the main north–south route through the area until 州間高速道路77号線 replaced it, at a cloverleaf interchange. I-76 then passes Barberton and enters アクロン; this section of road was built as US 224.

Soon after entering アクロン, I-76 exits the main freeway, which continues east as 州間高速道路277号線, onto the short Kenmore Expressway; 国道224号線 (アメリカ合衆国) leaves I-76 there and continues east as a surface road after I-277 ends at 州間高速道路77号線. Shortly after heading north from the I-277 interchange, I-76 meets I-77 and again turns east, joining southbound I-77 through downtown アクロン on the West Expressway. A partial interchange provides access to 州道59号線, the Innerbelt, and then I-76 crosses through the Central Interchange, where I-77 goes south (on the South Expressway) and 州道8号線 begins to the north (on the North Expressway); I-76 switches from the West Expressway to the East Expressway.

The interchange with 州間高速道路80号線 west of ヤングスタウン

Leaving the アクロン area, I-76 again heads through rural areas, crossing Portage County and entering Mahoning County. West of ヤングスタウン, the freeway crosses the オハイオターンパイク. Officially I-76 transfers to the Turnpike at the overpass, with a similar change happening with 州間高速道路80号線 (east on the freeway to ヤングスタウン and west on the Turnpike). In reality, access between the roads is via a double trumpet connection in the northeast corner of the crossing, along which I-76 traffic and I-80 traffic run in opposite directions.

ヤングスタウン地域と西部[編集]

詳細は「オハイオターンパイク」を参照

The オハイオターンパイク carries I-76 starting from around ヤングスタウン (オハイオ州) until the ペンシルベニア州境.

ペンシルベニア州[編集]

ペンシルベニアターンパイク[編集]

詳細は「ペンシルベニアターンパイク」を参照

オハイオ州境から、 the ペンシルベニアターンパイク carries I-76 into and across most of ペンシルベニア州, bypassing ヤングスタウン to the south and ピッツバーグ to the north. From the Ohio border until Warrendale, the turnpike uses a non-ticketing toll system while east of Warrendale, the ticketing system begins. There is a free interchange with I-79 near Wexford. At one point, I-76 used to be routed through ピッツバーグ on a route that is now signed as 州間高速道路376号線, around the 1970s.

Between New Stanton and Breezewood, I-76 shares a concurrency with I-70 and interchanges with I-99 in Bedford. A notable feature of this section are the アレゲーニー山脈トンネルとタスカローラ山トンネル that the interstate goes through as this section of I-76 goes through a relatively unpopulated section of south central ペンシルベニア州. The highway also passes through a wind farm in Somerset County^[4] and is the closest interstate highway to the 9/11 Flight 93 National Memorial in Shanksville.

Starting from Breezewood, I-70 diverges south towards Baltimore and Washington D.C. along an old alignment of the PA Turnpike while I-76 bypasses the Sideling Hill, Rays Hill, and Laurel Hill Tunnels along a new alignment built in the 1960s. I-76 also bypasses ハリスバーグ and Reading both to the south. The major features of this section are more mountains with a double tunnel prior to PA 75 near Shippensburg. I-76 intersects I-81 in Carlisle, Pennsylvania, then I-83 and I-283 near ハリスバーグ. At ヴァレーフォージ, I-76 diverges towards フィラデルフィア, but the turnpike (as I-276) bypasses it to the north. The Susquehanna River Bridge is a new six lane bridge that was constructed in 2003 using precast segments that replaced an older bridge across the Susquehanna River. ^[5]

スクールキル高速道路[編集]

詳細は「スクールキル高速道路」を参照

At ヴァレーフォージ, northwest of フィラデルフィア, I-76 leaves the Turnpike to run into フィラデルフィア on the スクールキル高速道路 (while the Turnpike continues east, upon 州間高速道路276号線). Immediately after exiting the Turnpike, I-76 interchanges with the 国道202号線 (アメリカ合衆国) and 国道422号線 (アメリカ合衆国) freeways near King Of Prussia, crosses 州間高速道路476号線 near Conshohocken, and begins running along the southwest shore of the スクールキル川. After cutting through Montgomery County for several miles, I-76 then enters the city/county limits of フィラデルフィア where Interchanges provide access to the Roosevelt Expressway (国道1号線 (アメリカ合衆国)) and Vine Street Expressway (州間高速道路676号線); the latter runs through downtown フィラデルフィア while I-76 bypasses to the south.

The last interchange before the ウォルト・ホイットマン橋 over the デラウェア川 into ニュージャージー is with 州間高速道路95号線. Some of the ramps involve traffic signals, as the ramps to I-95 were retrofitted into an existing interchange when I-95 was built, and the toll booth for the bridge lies west of the crossing of the two roads.

ニュージャージー州[編集]

Just after crossing the デラウェア川 on the ウォルト・ホイットマン橋, I-76 turns south and becomes the North-South Freeway, which carries 州間高速道路676号線 north to downtown カムデン; the unsigned Route 76C connector runs east to 国道130号線 (アメリカ合衆国) and 州道168号線. The exit numbers in ニュージャージー州 are backwards, running from east to west. Though signed eastbound towards アトランティックシティ, the route ends near Gloucester City in western カムデン County.

From the I-676 interchange to the end, I-76 originally had local and express lanes in both directions, but the eastbound barrier has since been removed, and now the separation is westbound only; however, the westbound barrier might also be removed in the future due to plans to rebuild the I-295, I-76, and 州道42号線 interchange. I-76 ends at an interchange with 州間高速道路295号線 on the Mount Ephraim/Bellmawr town line, where the local/express split begins heading westbound. 州道42号線 continues south on the North-South Freeway, feeding into the アトランティックシティ高速道路 to アトランティックシティ. While the South Jersey Transportation Authority (which owns the ACE) is not against the idea of making Route 42 and the ACE an eastern extension of I-76, they feel that making the change without a compelling reason would only add to motorists' confusion in southern ニュージャージー州.^[1]

歴史[編集]

The majority of I-76, along the ペンシルベニアターンパイク, includes the first long-distance rural freeway in the U.S.; the オハイオターンパイク and スクールキル高速道路 are also pre-Interstate freeways. By 1955, the section of that route from west of ヤングスタウン to downtown フィラデルフィア was included in the planned Interstate Highway System, as was present I-76 from west of ヤングスタウン to アクロン. (Some early plans called for a new freeway along 州道14号線 to the Pennsylvania state line; it is unclear when the proposed route was shifted to the Turnpikes.)

In 1957 the route from Cleveland east to ハリスバーグ, running roughly along the State Route 14 corridor in Ohio and the Turnpike in Pennsylvania, was labeled 州間高速道路80号線, and the rest of the route from ハリスバーグ to フィラデルフィア was assigned 州間高速道路80号南線. (州間高速道路80号北線 would have run from ハリスバーグ to ニューヨーク.) 州間高速道路78号線 was assigned to a route from Norwalk, Ohio, paralleling 州道18号線 through アクロン to ヤングスタウン, and turning south there to end at the planned I-80.

However, the 1957 numbering was drawn on a map from 1947, which did not include several changes that had been approved, specifically the Keystone Shortway across ペンシルベニア州. (The route in that corridor ran further north, along 国道6号線 (アメリカ合衆国), and was numbered 州間高速道路84号線.) Thus, the final numbering, approved in 1958, assigned I-80 to the Norwalk-ヤングスタウン route to reach the Keystone Shortway. The former alignment through Cleveland became 州間高速道路80号北線; the Turnpike was still not assigned a number from near Elyria (where I-80N and I-90 would split from it) to west of ヤングスタウン. The route from west of ヤングスタウン to フィラデルフィア was assigned 州間高速道路80号南線, and extended east to I-295 in ニュージャージー州 when the three-digit Interstates were assigned in 1959. (The planned I-80N in ペンシルベニア州 became I-78.) Initial spurs of I-80S were I-180 (now I-176), I-280 (now I-276), I-480 (now [州間高速道路476号線|[I-476]]) and I-680 (now I-676, though it swapped with I-76 in 1972).

I-80 was realigned in Ohio by 1962, largely taking over former I-80N, which ran through Cleveland, joining the Turnpike southwest of Cleveland. However, while I-80N was planned to split from I-80 near Kent and run northwest to Cleveland along 州道14号線, the new alignment of I-80 used the Turnpike between the crossing west of ヤングスタウン and the crossing with State Route 14 at Streetsboro. The former I-80 from near ヤングスタウン west to アクロン became part of I-80S, as did a new alignment (already built as 国道224号線 (アメリカ合衆国)) from アクロン west to I-71 east of Lodi; the rest of proposed I-80 west to near Norwalk (which would have crossed I-71 near Medina) was removed from the Interstate Highway System. Ca. 1971, I-80 was moved to the Turnpike between Streetsboro and southwest of Cleveland; the old route became I-480.

On April 16, 1963, due in part to the extension of I-79 south from the ピッツバーグ area, ペンシルベニア州 proposed a partial renumbering. A new number, tentatively designated I-76, would run from downtown ピッツバーグ east on what was then I-70 (I-70S bypassed ピッツバーグ to the south on what is now I-70) to the ペンシルベニアターンパイク at モンローヴィル, and then east along the remainder of I-80S to I-295. I-80S would remain on the section of turnpikes from west of ヤングスタウン to モンローヴィル. This was approved February 26, 1964, and included the renumbering of all X80 spurs to X76.

On June 29, 1970, a renumbering was approved in the ピッツバーグ area, with the main effect being rerouting I-79 to bypass ピッツバーグ to the west on the former I-279. I-279 was moved to the former I-79 north of downtown, and the former I-79 from downtown southwest to new I-79 became a western extension of I-76. (It was then that I-876 was designated for former I-479.) A realignment and extension of I-76 into Ohio, taking over the rest of I-80S to I-71 east of Lodi, was approved January 11, 1972. The former I-76 from モンローヴィル west into downtown ピッツバーグ became I-376, and I-279 was extended southwest from downtown along former I-76 to I-79. (そしてI-876はI-579へと改番された。) Signs in Ohio were changed September 1, 1972; the old I-80S signs remained for about a year.

1972年8月29日、フィラデルフィアとカムデンでのI-76とI-676の入れ替えが承認された。I-76 had been routed along the Vine Street Expressway and ベン・フランクリン橋 (now I-676) through Center City フィラデルフィア, while I-676 used the スクールキル高速道路 and ウォルト・ホイットマン橋 to bypass downtown to the south. The switch was made because of delays in building the Vine Street Expressway, better interchange geometry at the splits, and that the ベン・フランクリン橋 ends in city streets, rather than in expressway grade.

The renumbering of a フィラデルフィア Interstate to 76 in the years leading up the to the Bicentennial Celebration of the 1776 signing in フィラデルフィア of the Declaration of Independence gives rise to the question of the highway number being an intentional tribute to the Spirit of '76. USDoT research into federal documentation of the I-76 renumbering found no evidence of this being intentional.^[6]

Exit list[編集]

オハイオ州とペンシルベニア州[編集]

詳細は「州間高速道路76号線 in Ohio」、「ペンシルベニアターンパイク」、および「スクールキル高速道路」を参照

In Ohio and ペンシルベニア州, the routes are composed mostly of turnpikes with the exceptions in east-central Ohio and eastern ペンシルベニア州. The exit numbers on the turnpike portions in Ohio follow the mileage markers for the オハイオターンパイク.