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HEATリピート

出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
ヒートリピート
インポーチンβとインポーチンα IBBドメインの複合体の構造[1]
識別子
略号 HEAT
Pfam PF03810
Pfam clan CL0020
InterPro IPR001494
SMART SM000913
PROSITE PS50166
SCOP 1QGK
SUPERFAMILY 1QGK
利用可能な蛋白質構造:
Pfam structures
PDB RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj
PDBsum structure summary
PDB 1QGK
テンプレートを表示

HEATリピート（ひーとりぴーと：HEAT repeats）は、多くのタンパク質に見られるリピート配列（構造）のひとつ[2]。ひとつのユニットは、30-40アミノ酸残基からなり、2本の両親媒性ヘリックスが折り畳まれた構造をつくる。このユニットが数十回繰り返されると、弾力性に富むソレノイド状構造を形成する[3][4][5]。

HEATリピートの名前の由来

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HEATの名前は、このリピート配列を共有する代表的な4つのタンパク質の頭文字に由来する：Huntingtin (ハンチントン病の責任タンパク質ハンチンチン), Elongation factor 3 (EF3)（タンパク質合成伸長因子）, Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) A subunit（プロテインホスファターゼ2AのAサブユニット) , TOR1 (target of rapamycin)（シグナル伝達に関わるタンパク質キナーゼ）[6]。

様々なHEATタンパク質とその構造

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HEATリピートタンパク質の代表例として知られているものには、核-細胞質間輸送因子インポーチンβ (karyopherin βとも呼ばれる) ファミリー[7]、コンデンシンやコヒーシンの制御サブユニット[8]、セパレース[9]、ATM (Ataxia telangiectasia mutated) やATR (Ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related)を含むPIKKs (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-related protein kinases)[10][11]、微小管結合タンパク質XMAP215/Dis1/TOG[12]とCLASP[13]などがある。このようにHEATリピートをもつタンパク質の細胞内機能は多彩である。

これまでに、構造が解かれているHEATリピートタンパク質には以下のものがある。

  • 転写制御
    • 基本転写因子TFIIDのTAF6サブユニット[26]
    • TBP制御因子Mot1（Modifier of transcription 1）[27]
    • 転写開始因子Rrn3[28]
  • その他
    • API5 (Apoptosis inhibitor 5)[61]
    • V型ATPaseのHサブユニット[62]
    • 全身性エリテマトーデスの免疫応答の自己抗原Ro[63]
    • 細胞質ポリアデニル複合体symplekin[64]
    • 癌抑制遺伝子Tsc1[65]
    • COP9シグナロソームのサブユニット7（CSN7）[66]
    • PI4キナーゼStt4複合体のサブユニットEFR3[67]
    • レンズ上皮由来増殖因子LEDGFのIBD (HIV-1 integrase binding domain)[68]

類似の構造をもつリピート配列

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HEATリピートと類似の構造をもつリピート配列として、アルマジロリピート（Armadillo [ARM] repeat）[69]、やPUFリピート（Pumilio/fem-3 mRNA binding factor [PUF] repeat[70][71]）がある。

引用文献

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[脚注の使い方]
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