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「飢饉の一覧」の版間の差分

出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』
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Chao35 (会話 | 投稿記録)
106行目: 106行目:
* [[1680年代]] - [[サヘル]]で飢饉。
* [[1680年代]] - [[サヘル]]で飢饉。
* [[1690年代]] - スコットランド全域で飢饉。人口の15%が失われた。
* [[1690年代]] - スコットランド全域で飢饉。人口の15%が失われた。
* [[1693年]]–[[1694年]] - フランスで飢饉。2人が死亡<ref name="Appleby1980">{{cite journal |last=Appleby |first=Andrew B. |authorlink= |coauthors= |year=1980 |month= |title=Epidemics and Famine in the Little Ice Age |journal=Journal of Interdisciplinary History |volume=10 |issue=4 |pages=643&ndash;663 |doi=10.2307/203063 |url= http://jstor.org/stable/203063|accessdate= |quote= |publisher=The MIT Press }}</ref><ref name="Ograda2002">{{cite journal |last=Ó Gráda |first=Cormac |authorlink= |coauthors=Chevet, Jean-Michel |year=2002 |month= |title=Famine And Market In ''Ancient Régime'' France |journal=The Journal of Economic History |volume=62 |issue= |pages=706&ndash;733 |doi=10.1017/S0022050702001055 |url= |accessdate= |quote= }}</ref>。
* [[1693年]]–[[1694年]] - フランスで飢饉。2百万人が死亡<ref name="Appleby1980">{{cite journal |last=Appleby |first=Andrew B. |authorlink= |coauthors= |year=1980 |month= |title=Epidemics and Famine in the Little Ice Age |journal=Journal of Interdisciplinary History |volume=10 |issue=4 |pages=643&ndash;663 |doi=10.2307/203063 |url= http://jstor.org/stable/203063|accessdate= |quote= |publisher=The MIT Press }}</ref><ref name="Ograda2002">{{cite journal |last=Ó Gráda |first=Cormac |authorlink= |coauthors=Chevet, Jean-Michel |year=2002 |month= |title=Famine And Market In ''Ancient Régime'' France |journal=The Journal of Economic History |volume=62 |issue= |pages=706&ndash;733 |doi=10.1017/S0022050702001055 |url= |accessdate= |quote= }}</ref>。
* [[1695年]]–[[1697年]] - によって、人口の5分の1の7万から7万5千人が死亡。飢饉は[[スウェーデン]]にも直撃し、8万から10万人が死亡。
* [[1695年]]–[[1697年]] - によって、人口の5分の1の7万から7万5千人が死亡。飢饉は[[スウェーデン]]にも直撃し、8万から10万人が死亡。
* [[1696年]]–[[1697年]] - [[フィンランド]]で飢饉。人口の3分の1が失われた<ref>[http://worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/europe/fitimeln.htm Finland timeline]</ref>。
* [[1696年]]–[[1697年]] - [[フィンランド]]で飢饉。人口の3分の1が失われた<ref>[http://worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/europe/fitimeln.htm Finland timeline]</ref>。

2012年9月6日 (木) 13:16時点における版

Depiction of victims of the Great Irish Famine, 1845-1849

飢饉の一覧(ききんのいちらん)は、主な飢饉を時代順に列挙する。

紀元前5世紀

紀元前2世紀

  • 紀元前108年から1911年までは、中国において、主な飢饉は1828回であった。一年に一度、一か二の省で発生していた。しかしながら、飢饉の重大性は大きく変化した[1][2]

5世紀

7世紀

8世紀

9世紀

10世紀

11世紀

12世紀

13世紀

14世紀

15世紀

16世紀

17世紀

18世紀

19世紀

20世紀

21世紀

脚注

  1. ^ China: Land of Famine
  2. ^ "Heaven, Observe!" – TIME
  3. ^ A Brief History of Population
  4. ^ Islamic and Christian Spain in the Early Middle Ages
  5. ^ The Great Maya Droughts: Water, Life, and Death
  6. ^ The Ninth Century
  7. ^ 1005: The People's Chronology
  8. ^ Famines through history.
  9. ^ Poor studies will always be with us
  10. ^ Famine – LoveToKnow 1911
  11. ^ The Facts of Malnutrition and Famine
  12. ^ Portugal > History and Events
  13. ^ Collapse: Chaco Canyon
  14. ^ The Great Famine and the Black Death
  15. ^ Projects and Events: 14th Century
  16. ^ Bidar District Important Historical Events
  17. ^ Welcome to The Human Past
  18. ^ Land and Society in Golden Age Castile
  19. ^ The Dimension of Famine
  20. ^ Boris Feodorovich Godunov
  21. ^ Russia before Peter the Great
  22. ^ A Chronology of Japanese History
  23. ^ BBC – Northern Ireland – A Short History
  24. ^ The 17th Century
  25. ^ Italian States in the Seventeenth Century
  26. ^ Appleby, Andrew B. (1980). “Epidemics and Famine in the Little Ice Age”. Journal of Interdisciplinary History (The MIT Press) 10 (4): 643–663. doi:10.2307/203063. http://jstor.org/stable/203063. 
  27. ^ Ó Gráda, Cormac; Chevet, Jean-Michel (2002). “Famine And Market In Ancient Régime France”. The Journal of Economic History 62: 706–733. doi:10.1017/S0022050702001055. 
  28. ^ Finland timeline
  29. ^ The Dimension of Famine.
  30. ^ The Little Ice Age in Europe
  31. ^ Climatic fluctuation and natural disasters in Arabia between mid-17th and early 20th Centuries
  32. ^ Epidemics and Famine in the Little Ice Age
  33. ^ Len Milich: Anthropogenic Desertification vs ‘Natural’ Climate Trends
  34. ^ [1]
  35. ^ Naples and Sicily -- Britannica Online Encyclopedia
  36. ^ FAMINE ()
  37. ^ The locust plague
  38. ^ Haze Famine (Icelandic history)
  39. ^ ScienceDaily: Icelandic Volcano Caused Historic Famine In Egypt, Study Shows
  40. ^ Grove, Richard H. (1998). “Global Impact of the 1789–93 El Niño”. Nature 393 (6683): 318–319. doi:10.1038/30636. 
  41. ^ Wood, C. A. (1992). “The climatic effects of the 1783 Laki eruption”. In Harrington, C. R. (ed.). The Year Without a Summer?. Ottawa: Canadian Museum of Nature. pp. 58–77 
  42. ^ Neumann, J. (1977). “Great Historical Events that were Significantly Affected by the Weather: 2, The Year Leading to the Revolution of 1789 in France”. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 58 (2): 163–168. doi:10.1175/1520-0477(1977)058<0163:GHETWS>2.0.CO;2. 
  43. ^ Fearfull Famines of the Past
  44. ^ The Great Famine in Ireland, 1845–1849
  45. ^ Ch'ing China: The Taiping Rebellion
  46. ^ The Great Persian Famine of 1870-1871
  47. ^ The St. Lawrence Island Famine and Epidemic, 1878–80, Arctic Anthropology
  48. ^ Famine Hunger stalks Ethiopia once again – and aid groups fear the worst
  49. ^ El Niño and Drought Early Warning in Ethiopia
  50. ^ The History of International Humanitarian Assistance
  51. ^ Spiridovich, Alexander. Revolutionary movement in Russian. Ed. 2. (ロシア語)
  52. ^ Late Victorian Holocausts
  53. ^ Global Connections . Timeline
  54. ^ Famine perspectives from past and present
  55. ^ World's worst natural disasters since 1900
  56. ^ The German Colonies on the Volga River – Famine Years
  57. ^ The NDSU Libraries: Germans From Russia
  58. ^ Famine of 1932, or Ukrainian genocide (Soviet history)
  59. ^ Legacy of famine divides Ukraine
  60. ^ The Kazakh Catastrophe and Stalin’s Order of Priorities, 1929–1933: Evidence from the Soviet Secret Archives
  61. ^ Natural Disasters and Hazards – Historical Events Timeline
  62. ^ 900-Day Siege of Leningrad
  63. ^ Famine and Death in Occupied Greece, 1941-1944
  64. ^ Surviving Hitler and Mussolini: daily life in occupied Europe, by Robert Gildea, Anette Warring, Olivier Wieviorka, Berg Publishers 2007
  65. ^ The 1947 Soviet famine and the entitlement approach to famines, Cambridge Journal of Economics
  66. ^ Nicholas Ganson, The Soviet Famine of 1946-47 in Global and Historical Perspective[2]. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2009. (ISBN 0-230-61333-0)
  67. ^ The world's worst natural disastersCBC News, 27th February 2010
  68. ^ Famine Casts Its Grim Global Shadow, TIME
  69. ^ http://www.pbs.org/newshour/forum/august97/korea_8-26.html
  70. ^ http://www.usip.org/pubs/specialreports/sr990802.html
  71. ^ Bruce Cumings: We look at it and see ourselves
  72. ^ Famine plagues Zimbabwe
  73. ^ Food crisis looms in Myanmar, International Herald Tribune
  74. ^ North Korea at risk of famine, says U.N., CNN.com
  75. ^ The Next Great North Korean Famine, TIME
  76. ^ Ethiopia facing new famine with 4.5 million children in danger of starvation , Telegraph
  77. ^ Gettleman, Jeffrey (May 17, 2008). “Famine Looms as Wars Rend Horn of Africa”. New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/05/17/world/africa/17somalia.html May 8, 2010閲覧。 .
  78. ^ Food crisis leaves Afghans desperate, msnbc.com
  79. ^ Food Crisis Looms in Bangladesh, International Business Times
  80. ^ In-depth | Food Crisis: Status and Impacts, IRIN
  81. ^ Tajikistan: Almost One-Third of the Population Is in Danger of Going Hungry This Winter, EurasiaNet
  82. ^ National Food Emergency Grips Kenya. 20 Jan 2009.
  83. ^ Starvation and Strife Menace Torn Kenya. The New York Times. February 28, 2009.

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